An Essential Media poll has found that the format of Australia’s religious affiliation census question may be affecting response patterns, according to research released ahead of the 2026 census on 11 August.
When respondents were asked using the current census format—selecting from a list including common religions, “no religion,” and “other”—43% chose “no religion.” However, when presented with a yes/no question about religious affiliation followed by a text box for those answering affirmatively, 54% indicated they had no religion. The Census – Not Religious? Mark No Religion campaign, which commissioned the poll, contends that the existing question format may overstate Australia’s religiousness and understate the non-religious population by approximately 2 million adults.
The Australian Bureau of Statistics previously considered revising the question following the 2021 census, when 39% of respondents selected “no religion.” The bureau acknowledged receiving feedback that the question’s wording assumes respondents have a religion. However, officials determined that altering the question could compromise data comparability with previous census cycles. The ABS consulted with both religious and secular organizations before deciding against the change, instead implementing additional instructions, reordered categories, and updated data processing methods for the 2026 census.
Historically, Christianity has declined significantly over 50 years while remaining the most common religion in Australia at 43.9% during the last census. Other faiths have shown consistent growth. The campaign spokesperson indicated the organization is focused on potential changes for the 2031 census, having accepted that modifications would not occur for the upcoming 2026 enumeration.
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