The UN Convention on Biological Diversity released a draft global progress report on July 26, assessing how well countries are meeting the 23 targets established under the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework adopted in 2022. The framework aims to halt and reverse biodiversity loss by 2030 and achieve harmony with nature by 2050.
The report indicates that no target presents a fully positive trajectory, with only one of 23 targets receiving a “green” score indicating overall positive progress. That target concerns minimizing climate change impacts on biodiversity through mitigation and adaptation. The report identifies two distinct gaps: national plans do not fully reflect the ambition of global targets, and countries are not implementing sufficient action to meet their commitments. Progress is particularly lagging on addressing indirect drivers of biodiversity loss, such as harmful subsidies and business practices, as well as protecting marine and coastal ecosystems.
On specific conservation measures, the report notes progress in expanding protected areas and ecosystem restoration efforts, but finds current implementation remains insufficient. Developing nations report significant barriers including lack of finance and capacity constraints. Regarding the “30 by 30” target to protect 30 percent of land and sea by decade’s end, the report acknowledges expansion of protected areas but cites insufficient ambition and implementation challenges, particularly around equitable governance and recognition of Indigenous territories.
Finance mobilization has fallen substantially short of goals. Countries reported raising $186.4 billion cumulatively over four years toward a $200 billion annual target by 2030. International public funding averaged $4.4 billion annually between 2020 and 2023, well below the $20 billion 2025 milestone for developed countries. The report also finds insufficient progress on harmful subsidies, with only 22 countries submitting data on biodiversity-harmful subsidies totaling $268 billion over 2022-2025, far below estimated global figures in the trillions. The final report will be formally published ahead of COP17, scheduled for October in Armenia, where countries will conduct a comprehensive global review of progress toward 2030 nature goals.
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