
The documentary NAZA, produced by The Guardian and directed by Israeli film-makers Yuval Abraham and Rachel Szor, premiered at the Venice Film Festival to a standing ovation from audiences. The 80-minute film features 24 anonymized Israeli military insiders describing targeting systems, including AI-powered selections, used in military operations in Gaza. The documentary presents varied perspectives from soldiers and intelligence officers on their participation in what participants describe as a mass killing operation with blurred lines between combatants and civilians, set against the context of the Gaza conflict in which over 73,000 Palestinians have been killed. The film is scheduled for theatrical release in US cinemas on 30 September, with additional international distribution planned.
The film’s reception in Israel contrasted sharply with its Venice success. Right-wing political figures accused the directors of treason, with Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu announcing he would pursue legislation to strip citizenship from those who criticize Israeli soldiers. Protesters and members of far-right groups called for violence against the film-makers, with demonstrations outside the home of director Rachel Szor demanding capital punishment for what they characterized as betrayal. Journalist Yehuda Schlesinger described the Venice applause as antisemitic, while another former military officer criticized the directors for receiving international recognition for criticisms of Israel. Offices associated with journalists covering the film were broken into by activists who documented the intrusions.
Human rights organizations and press freedom advocates rallied to defend the film-makers. Political analyst Dahlia Scheindlin noted that the controversy had generated significant electoral attention, with the right-wing response amplified by the fact that most Israelis remained unable to view the film themselves. The response reflected broader tensions within Israeli society regarding dissent, particularly since the October 2023 Hamas attack, with critics arguing that the film challenges established patterns of media self-censorship during conflict. Observers noted the extreme rhetoric represented an escalation of longstanding tensions over international criticism of Israel’s military operations and governance.
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