Mobile data and broadband services were suspended in Pakistan-administered Kashmir starting in early June after protests erupted demanding electoral reform. The restrictions have persisted for more than 100 days, according to NetBlocks, an independent organization that tracks internet shutdowns globally.
The unrest began ahead of local elections originally scheduled for July 27. In response to the escalating demonstrations, authorities banned the Jammu Kashmir Joint Awami Action Committee, a grassroots coalition that had called for removing 12 reserved legislative seats. Staggered voting was subsequently conducted across three phases, with the final round held on August 10. Despite the completion of the electoral process and the formation of a new government, internet connectivity remains largely unavailable.
The sustained shutdown has created significant disruptions across multiple sectors of daily life. Access to online banking platforms and related financial services has been blocked, hampering business operations throughout the region. Educational institutions have also been affected, with the government postponing entrance examinations as a result of the communications restrictions.
Clashes between protesters and security forces occurred during the initial voting phase, resulting in casualties on both sides. Residents and local sources have reported death tolls exceeding 50 people, including seven law enforcement officers, though these figures could not be independently confirmed. Voting was prevented in certain areas identified as protest centers for security purposes, though the electoral process proceeded in other parts of the semi-autonomous territory.
Pakistan-administered Kashmir operates as a semi-autonomous region with its own prime minister and 45-seat legislative assembly, 12 of which are reserved for refugees from Indian-administered Kashmir residing elsewhere in Pakistan. The territory remains disputed between India and Pakistan.
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