Prof Peter Fonagy, who heads an independent review into mental health, ADHD and autism, has disputed characterizations of young people as overly sensitive, stating instead that a real increase in mental distress exists among children and adolescents. In an interview, Fonagy identified anxiety, depression, self-harm and eating disorders as the most prevalent conditions affecting this demographic.
The review was commissioned nine months ago following comments from a health official suggesting young people were being over-diagnosed. Fonagy’s assessment, developed with input from over 100 experts and families affected by mental health issues, is expected to conclude that approximately one in four individuals aged 16 to 24 are currently experiencing mental health difficulties. He attributed the deteriorating situation to economic instability, employment uncertainty and the pressures associated with social media use. The report will also identify pandemic-related disruption as an exacerbating factor.
Fonagy acknowledged that increased awareness and reduced stigma surrounding mental health have contributed to more people seeking help, though he maintains the underlying increase in problems is genuine. He noted the trend affects both males and females, with girls showing particularly pronounced struggles beginning around age 12. The challenges young women face include societal expectations and sexual aggression from peers.
Critiquing current support systems, Fonagy characterized the NHS as “not fit for purpose,” highlighting that one in three people referred to mental health services remain on waiting lists after a year. He emphasized that addressing these issues requires coordinated efforts across education, employment, housing and family support systems. Fonagy also cited cuts to youth services over the past decade as contributing to reduced opportunities for young people to develop community connections and a sense of belonging.
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