Surgeons in Rome performed a lobectomy on Pope Leo following the discovery of a small growth during a routine health examination. The procedure involved removing the lower lobe of his right lung, which contained a confirmed adenocarcinoma diagnosis. Surgeons also extracted nearby lymph nodes to assess whether the cancer had begun spreading to other areas.
The operation utilized video-assisted keyhole surgery, a minimally invasive technique that involves small incisions and a camera rather than a large surgical cut. This approach typically results in less postoperative pain, smaller scars, and faster recovery compared to traditional open surgery. The Vatican indicated that the cancer diagnosis was confirmed during the operation itself, possibly through a frozen section technique that provides rapid pathological analysis while the patient remains under anesthesia.
Lung cancers are categorized into two primary groups based on cellular appearance under microscopy: small cell and non-small cell varieties. Adenocarcinoma, the type identified in the pope’s case, represents the most common form of non-small cell lung cancer, accounting for approximately 85% of all lung cancer diagnoses. This cancer type frequently develops in the outer regions of the lung and is the most prevalent form among individuals with no smoking history.
Following surgery, a chest drain remains in place temporarily to allow air and fluid to escape during lung recovery. Patients typically begin mobilization the day after surgery to reduce risks of blood clots and respiratory infections. The pontiff is anticipated to remain hospitalized for approximately one week. Final pathology results will determine whether additional treatment, such as immunotherapy, chemotherapy, or targeted drug therapies, becomes necessary. Medical guidance suggests waiting two to three weeks before air travel, potentially allowing sufficient recovery time before his planned overseas visit in November.
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