Last month, Syria experienced its largest demonstrations of discontent since President Ahmed al-Sharaa assumed leadership two years ago, following the government’s decision to raise fuel prices. Citizens blocked roads, burned tires, and voiced frustration about deteriorating financial conditions, with particular concern about the ability to purchase essential goods like bread. The government subsequently rescinded the fuel increase amid calls for additional protests.
The cost-of-living crisis has intensified across the country following the overthrow of former President Bashar al-Assad and the end of Syria’s civil war. Subsidies that had been maintained for decades have been eliminated as part of an austerity program, with dramatic price increases affecting staple items. Bread prices have risen tenfold, electricity costs have increased several hundred percent in some cases, and fuel is now priced at international levels. Public sector wages and pensions have been adjusted upward, but these increases have failed to keep pace with inflation.
Individual Syrians describe severe economic hardship in daily life. Many have eliminated meat and protein from their diets, relying instead on vegetables and other inexpensive alternatives. Some families report being able to afford only one full meal per day. Unemployment remains widespread, with men gathering on streets hoping for day labor opportunities. A pensioner receiving around $90 monthly described selling household items and furniture to survive, while another reported cutting electricity usage dramatically to manage utility costs that consume roughly one-third of family income.
Government officials attributed some economic pressure to the regional conflict affecting energy markets. The United Nations Development Programme indicated that 90 percent of Syrians lived in poverty. Additionally, aid organizations have reduced services due to funding constraints, eliminating a crucial support mechanism for vulnerable populations. A Syrian analyst noted that while some economic difficulties stem from resource scarcity and the legacy of the former regime, government policies promoting a market-oriented economy have contributed significantly to hardship among the population.
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