Health authorities are implementing a targeted vaccination initiative aimed at approximately one million young people in response to rising concerns about meningitis B cases. The programme will focus on individuals identified as facing the highest immediate risk, particularly those preparing to enter university or residential further education settings this autumn, as well as final-year secondary school pupils.
Meningitis is an infection affecting the protective membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord. While the condition can impact individuals of any age, it occurs most frequently in babies, young children, teenagers, and young adults. According to recent data, there were 378 cases of invasive meningococcal disease documented in the period 2024-2025. The infection can develop suddenly and present with symptoms including sudden high fever, severe headache, neck stiffness, rash that does not fade under pressure, vomiting, muscle pain, sensitivity to light, and in severe cases, seizures or confusion.
Bacterial meningitis, though less common than viral forms, is more serious and can progress to blood poisoning or sepsis. Meningitis B is responsible for the majority of severe meningococcal disease cases in the region. The infection spreads through close personal contact via respiratory droplets from coughs, sneezes, and saliva exchange, or by sharing food and drinks. Transmission can also occur from individuals carrying the bacteria asymptomatically in their nose or throat.
Existing vaccines provide protection against various forms of meningococcal disease. The MenB vaccine, which was incorporated into routine childhood immunisation programmes for infants born after a specified date, helps protect against meningococcal group B bacteria. Research indicates that while the vaccine offers protection against infection, it does not necessarily prevent person-to-person transmission, does not cover all bacterial strains, and does not provide extended long-term immunity. Under the new targeted programme, eligible young people will receive two doses at no cost through the national health system, with medical authorities recommending urgent evaluation of anyone presenting with symptoms of meningitis or sepsis.
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