Residents across Lebanon are making preparations amid concerns about a possible resumption of intense Israeli military operations, more than six months after a ceasefire was announced in April. Those living in previously affected areas, particularly in Beirut’s southern suburbs and the far south of the country, are taking precautions such as packing emergency bags, stockpiling food and medication, charging electronic devices, and maintaining fuel supplies. Many are also considering evacuation or relocation options if attacks resume.
The conflict between Israel and the Lebanese Shia group Hezbollah has persisted since October 2023, with the Lebanese health ministry reporting approximately 9,000 deaths, concentrated during escalations in autumn 2024 and in March and April 2026. Israel has occupied territory up to 10 kilometres south of the border and established what it calls the “Yellow Line,” where ongoing military operations have rendered some areas potentially uninhabitable for extended periods. A ceasefire took effect in April following a week of intensive bombardment, and in June, a US-brokered framework agreement was signed establishing “pilot zones” where Israeli forces would withdraw and the Lebanese army would move in to disarm Hezbollah.
Despite the ceasefire, tensions remain elevated due to several factors. Recent reports suggest the Trump administration may consider coordinating military action with Israel against Iran, prompting concerns that Hezbollah—which receives backing from Iran—could resume attacks on Israel. Israeli officials have also made accusations regarding Lebanese army compliance with the framework agreement, which analysts view as potential justification for renewed operations. International observers note that Israel has continued destructive activities in southern Lebanon even after the ceasefire announcement.
The psychological toll on residents is substantial, with many reporting trauma, insomnia, and anxiety about potential displacement. Simultaneously, economic pressures are mounting, with the World Bank projecting inflation to reach 17.5 percent in Lebanon this year. Analysts warn that repeated conflict cycles combined with economic deterioration could precipitate broader social instability, as residents exhaust savings and emotional reserves.
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