London Mayor Sadiq Khan has publicly advocated for implementing a cap on the number of robotaxis permitted to operate on the city’s streets, as the UK government moves toward authorizing fully autonomous vehicles. Khan expressed concern that policymakers have not adequately understood the speed at which autonomous vehicle technology is advancing, and he questioned whether existing regulatory frameworks are appropriate for managing this transformation.
Multiple companies are pursuing robotaxi operations in London. Chinese robotaxis being tested by Freenow by Lyft were recently unveiled, while Uber commenced limited passenger services in Wayve’s self-driving vehicles during September under a Transport for London license, though these vehicles currently include a safety driver. Freenow by Lyft is targeting a full launch of driverless Baidu robotaxis as soon as next year through a national licensing scheme.
Khan emphasized that London requires the ability to manage the introduction of autonomous vehicles gradually rather than experiencing rapid, uncontrolled expansion. He highlighted outstanding questions regarding potential impacts on air quality, traffic congestion, and employment for private hire and licensed taxi drivers. The mayor indicated that London differs significantly from cities like San Francisco and requires tailored regulatory approaches suited to its scale and infrastructure.
Under current regulations, Transport for London can only approve or deny the use of fully autonomous vehicles within the city but cannot directly manage or license robotaxi services. Freenow by Lyft indicated it is collaborating with local authorities and emphasized commitment to responsible implementation. The company stated that approximately 24 autonomous Baidu vehicles are undergoing testing in the London borough of Brent and noted that many test operations currently require human intervention, particularly when encountering roadworks.
The rollout has generated concerns among drivers’ unions and existing taxi operators, with recent protests occurring at London offices of autonomous vehicle companies. Freenow by Lyft suggested that displaced taxi drivers could transition to employment in maintenance and remote operations roles at a proposed UK facility, while noting that the taxi industry faces separate challenges including an aging workforce and high vehicle costs.
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