For decades, the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) functioned as far more than an oil cartel. For its Gulf members, the organisation embodied a form of collective sovereignty over their primary resource: the capacity of Arab producing states to weigh together on the global economy, defend a shared rent and speak with a coordinated voice to Western consumers. That institutional fiction has just collapsed.When the United Arab Emirates (UAE) announced its withdrawal from OPEC and the expanded coalition known as OPEC+, effective May 1, 2026, the immediate reflex was to reach for a technical explanation. Energy Minister Suhail Al Mazrouei carefully dressed the decision in the language of energy policy: flexibility, productive capacity, long-term national interest. Markets noted that the timing, with the Strait of Hormuz partially closed, would limit the immediate price impact. Analysts pointed to the longstanding tension with the quotas imposed on Abu Dhabi National Oil Company’s (ADNOC) ambition to reach five million barrels per day.All of that is real. But focusing on these technical dimensions means missing what matters.The UAE’s departure is, above all, the visible sign of a deep regional rupture between Riyadh and Abu Dhabi first, but beyond that, between two incompatible visions of what Gulf ord …
